Abstract
Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the penetration level of potassium nitrate- containing desensitizers or whitening materials into the pulp cavity with regard to the concentration and viscosity of the formulation. Methods and Materials: Fifty extracted human molar teeth were prepared and randomized into five groups of 10 specimens each. The control received a 30-minute treatment without any treatment material; the other four groups corresponded to treatment with Day- White, a 14% hydrogen peroxide whitening material containing potassium nitrate; Previ- Dent 5000 Sensitive, a desensitizing toothpaste; Relief ACP, a desensitizing gel; or UltraEZ, a desensitizing gel. Potassium nitrate penetration levels were measured spectrophotometrically based on the Griess assay method. Treatment materials were measured for viscosity as a function of shear rate through the use of a cone-and-plate rheometer. Results: Nitrate penetration levels were significantly different among the five groups (p< 0.0001, Kruskal-Wallis test). After adjustment for multiple comparisons using an overall 0.05 level of type I error, the distribution of nitrate penetration values was found to differ significantly among all groups with the exception of DayWhite (median: 10.72 μM) and Ultra- EZ (median: 9.22 μM), which differed significantly from other groups but not from each other. The highest levels of nitrate penetration value were observed for PreviDent (median: 27.61 μM) followed by Relief ACP (median: 19.64 μM). The lowest penetration level was observed for the control group (median: 3.41 μM). Stable end-point viscosities of 11.43 ± 0.67 Pa/s, 1.33 ± 0.06 Pa/s, 0.85 ± 0.09 Pa/s, and 0.40 ± 0.01 Pa/s were observed for UltraEZ, ReliefACP, DayWhite, and PreviDent, respectively. Conclusion: Potassium nitrate included in different formulations can penetrate the enamel and dentin within 30 minutes. The level of potassium nitrate penetration is influenced by concentration and may also be partly affected by the viscosity of the material as well as other constituents of proprietary preparations.
Original language | English |
---|---|
Pages (from-to) | 614-621 |
Number of pages | 8 |
Journal | Operative dentistry |
Volume | 40 |
Issue number | 6 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Nov 1 2015 |
ASJC Scopus Subject Areas
- General Medicine
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Kwon, S. R., Dawson, D. V., Schenck, D. M., Fiegel, J., & Wertz, P. W. (2015). Spectrophotometric evaluation of potassium nitrate penetration into the pulp cavity. Operative dentistry, 40(6), 614-621. https://doi.org/10.2341/14-214-L
Spectrophotometric evaluation of potassium nitrate penetration into the pulp cavity. / Kwon, S. R.; Dawson, D. V.; Schenck, D. M. et al.
In: Operative dentistry, Vol. 40, No. 6, 01.11.2015, p. 614-621.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
Kwon, SR, Dawson, DV, Schenck, DM, Fiegel, J & Wertz, PW 2015, 'Spectrophotometric evaluation of potassium nitrate penetration into the pulp cavity', Operative dentistry, vol. 40, no. 6, pp. 614-621. https://doi.org/10.2341/14-214-L
Kwon SR, Dawson DV, Schenck DM, Fiegel J, Wertz PW. Spectrophotometric evaluation of potassium nitrate penetration into the pulp cavity. Operative dentistry. 2015 Nov 1;40(6):614-621. doi: 10.2341/14-214-L
Kwon, S. R. ; Dawson, D. V. ; Schenck, D. M. et al. / Spectrophotometric evaluation of potassium nitrate penetration into the pulp cavity. In: Operative dentistry. 2015 ; Vol. 40, No. 6. pp. 614-621.
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title = "Spectrophotometric evaluation of potassium nitrate penetration into the pulp cavity",
abstract = "Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the penetration level of potassium nitrate- containing desensitizers or whitening materials into the pulp cavity with regard to the concentration and viscosity of the formulation. Methods and Materials: Fifty extracted human molar teeth were prepared and randomized into five groups of 10 specimens each. The control received a 30-minute treatment without any treatment material; the other four groups corresponded to treatment with Day- White, a 14% hydrogen peroxide whitening material containing potassium nitrate; Previ- Dent 5000 Sensitive, a desensitizing toothpaste; Relief ACP, a desensitizing gel; or UltraEZ, a desensitizing gel. Potassium nitrate penetration levels were measured spectrophotometrically based on the Griess assay method. Treatment materials were measured for viscosity as a function of shear rate through the use of a cone-and-plate rheometer. Results: Nitrate penetration levels were significantly different among the five groups (p< 0.0001, Kruskal-Wallis test). After adjustment for multiple comparisons using an overall 0.05 level of type I error, the distribution of nitrate penetration values was found to differ significantly among all groups with the exception of DayWhite (median: 10.72 μM) and Ultra- EZ (median: 9.22 μM), which differed significantly from other groups but not from each other. The highest levels of nitrate penetration value were observed for PreviDent (median: 27.61 μM) followed by Relief ACP (median: 19.64 μM). The lowest penetration level was observed for the control group (median: 3.41 μM). Stable end-point viscosities of 11.43 ± 0.67 Pa/s, 1.33 ± 0.06 Pa/s, 0.85 ± 0.09 Pa/s, and 0.40 ± 0.01 Pa/s were observed for UltraEZ, ReliefACP, DayWhite, and PreviDent, respectively. Conclusion: Potassium nitrate included in different formulations can penetrate the enamel and dentin within 30 minutes. The level of potassium nitrate penetration is influenced by concentration and may also be partly affected by the viscosity of the material as well as other constituents of proprietary preparations.",
author = "Kwon, {S. R.} and Dawson, {D. V.} and Schenck, {D. M.} and J. Fiegel and Wertz, {P. W.}",
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T1 - Spectrophotometric evaluation of potassium nitrate penetration into the pulp cavity
AU - Kwon, S. R.
AU - Dawson, D. V.
AU - Schenck, D. M.
AU - Fiegel, J.
AU - Wertz, P. W.
PY - 2015/11/1
Y1 - 2015/11/1
N2 - Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the penetration level of potassium nitrate- containing desensitizers or whitening materials into the pulp cavity with regard to the concentration and viscosity of the formulation. Methods and Materials: Fifty extracted human molar teeth were prepared and randomized into five groups of 10 specimens each. The control received a 30-minute treatment without any treatment material; the other four groups corresponded to treatment with Day- White, a 14% hydrogen peroxide whitening material containing potassium nitrate; Previ- Dent 5000 Sensitive, a desensitizing toothpaste; Relief ACP, a desensitizing gel; or UltraEZ, a desensitizing gel. Potassium nitrate penetration levels were measured spectrophotometrically based on the Griess assay method. Treatment materials were measured for viscosity as a function of shear rate through the use of a cone-and-plate rheometer. Results: Nitrate penetration levels were significantly different among the five groups (p< 0.0001, Kruskal-Wallis test). After adjustment for multiple comparisons using an overall 0.05 level of type I error, the distribution of nitrate penetration values was found to differ significantly among all groups with the exception of DayWhite (median: 10.72 μM) and Ultra- EZ (median: 9.22 μM), which differed significantly from other groups but not from each other. The highest levels of nitrate penetration value were observed for PreviDent (median: 27.61 μM) followed by Relief ACP (median: 19.64 μM). The lowest penetration level was observed for the control group (median: 3.41 μM). Stable end-point viscosities of 11.43 ± 0.67 Pa/s, 1.33 ± 0.06 Pa/s, 0.85 ± 0.09 Pa/s, and 0.40 ± 0.01 Pa/s were observed for UltraEZ, ReliefACP, DayWhite, and PreviDent, respectively. Conclusion: Potassium nitrate included in different formulations can penetrate the enamel and dentin within 30 minutes. The level of potassium nitrate penetration is influenced by concentration and may also be partly affected by the viscosity of the material as well as other constituents of proprietary preparations.
AB - Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the penetration level of potassium nitrate- containing desensitizers or whitening materials into the pulp cavity with regard to the concentration and viscosity of the formulation. Methods and Materials: Fifty extracted human molar teeth were prepared and randomized into five groups of 10 specimens each. The control received a 30-minute treatment without any treatment material; the other four groups corresponded to treatment with Day- White, a 14% hydrogen peroxide whitening material containing potassium nitrate; Previ- Dent 5000 Sensitive, a desensitizing toothpaste; Relief ACP, a desensitizing gel; or UltraEZ, a desensitizing gel. Potassium nitrate penetration levels were measured spectrophotometrically based on the Griess assay method. Treatment materials were measured for viscosity as a function of shear rate through the use of a cone-and-plate rheometer. Results: Nitrate penetration levels were significantly different among the five groups (p< 0.0001, Kruskal-Wallis test). After adjustment for multiple comparisons using an overall 0.05 level of type I error, the distribution of nitrate penetration values was found to differ significantly among all groups with the exception of DayWhite (median: 10.72 μM) and Ultra- EZ (median: 9.22 μM), which differed significantly from other groups but not from each other. The highest levels of nitrate penetration value were observed for PreviDent (median: 27.61 μM) followed by Relief ACP (median: 19.64 μM). The lowest penetration level was observed for the control group (median: 3.41 μM). Stable end-point viscosities of 11.43 ± 0.67 Pa/s, 1.33 ± 0.06 Pa/s, 0.85 ± 0.09 Pa/s, and 0.40 ± 0.01 Pa/s were observed for UltraEZ, ReliefACP, DayWhite, and PreviDent, respectively. Conclusion: Potassium nitrate included in different formulations can penetrate the enamel and dentin within 30 minutes. The level of potassium nitrate penetration is influenced by concentration and may also be partly affected by the viscosity of the material as well as other constituents of proprietary preparations.
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